Time management

It is important to make efficient use of your time. You will have various demands on your time during each semester week, including independent study in your own time as this will be a significant part of your learning experience. You need to attain a balance between your studies, work and personal life to reach your goals.

Planning your time is essential for effective time management. The kind of tools we find useful to plan and organise our time depends on our personal preferences. Some people like to use electronic apps while other people find pen and paper tools work for them. The important thing is to find a system that suits you.

The basics

It is easy to imagine that outside timetabled classes the rest of your time in your week is free. However, you are expected to study in your own time and need to complete assignments by the deadlines.

Start early and prioritise

The way you choose to prioritise will depend on how much you have to do and by when. Some things will be more important than others and some may be less important but more urgent. Prioritising can be for different periods of time: an academic year, semester or a week and usually change over time.

Ways to prioritise (pdf)     Ways to prioritise (Word rtf)

Semester planning

A good place to start is to get an overview of the deadlines for several weeks or a whole semester. You may need to set yourself mini-deadlines if a few assignments are due for submission around the same time.

Semester planner 2023 - 24 (Word doc)   Semester planner 2023 - 24 (pdf)

16 week blank planner (Word doc)          16 week blank planner (pdf)

You can check the semester dates on the university's website:

University semester dates

Weekly planning

It can be helpful to sit down once a week and prioritise the most important things you need to do and the most urgent. Once you have sorted out what you need to do and by when, you can break these down into manageable tasks and allocate them.

You will need to put in fixed commitments first (e.g. scheduled classes). You may need to set aside times agreed with others for group work or group discussion. Secondly, add in any pre-class preparation you need to do, texts you need to read and any essential recordings you need to view. Then allocate your other study tasks, such as work for assignments, follow-up reading and times to review and consolidate your learning. 

Consider when you study best when allocating challenging tasks requiring a lot of concentration or creative thinking. You might also like to think about where you study best.

Some people like to plan to a tight time schedule; others like to get two or more tasks done in half a morning. Try out our two alternative week planners; you might find using a morning/afternoon/evening planner is more flexible than an hourly timetable.

Morning/afternoon/evening week planner (MS Word)  Morning/afternoon/evening week planner (pdf)

Week planner – hour by hour (pdf)       Week planner – hour by hour (Excel)

Time out

Include down time in your plans. Rest and exercise are essential parts of being an effective learner and healthy sleep helps to consolidate memory – important when you are learning new material. If you do not allow your brain time off from your studies, you will not be at your learning best. Putting down time in your plans means you are more likely to take it without taking too much.

Go further

Do you use your time effectively?

Do you ever feel like the whole day has passed by and you have achieved a fraction of what you wanted? Perhaps you tend to procrastinate by putting off work and doing other tasks instead. Getting distracted is very common.

Check how you are actually using your time by recording what you actually do for a few days on a week planner (above) or using the worksheet on our handout. This needs honesty.

Self-assess your time (pdf)      Self-assess your time (MS Word)       Self-assess your time (Word rtf)

Once you have identified what disrupts your effectiveness, you can consider how you can remove or minimise the causes. The Student Counselling Service offer a variety of self-help options and support services which can help you find ways to start dealing with any issues getting in the way. The University also offers advice to support your general wellbeing and health.

The Student Counselling Service

Health and wellbeing

The Timer method

Sometimes we have a lot we need to get done and we only have a limited time to get it all done. The timer method can help to focus on the tasks you need to do and make progress. You need to minimise distractions to work in this way and incorporate shorter and longer breaks to relax a bit between periods of intense concentration.

Focusing timer method (pdf)     Focusing timer method (Word text)

Dissertation and project planning

Longer assignments will take up a lot of your time over several weeks or even months. You will need to consider all the different stages involved and assess how long they will take.

Our dissertation planner can help you get a general overview of writing an academic dissertation and remind you of some of the things you will need to do.  However, there will be other tasks that are specific to your research project and your discipline context.

Dissertation and project planner (pdf)

Dissertation and project planner (rtf)

One approach to project planning is to make a diagram first so you can see how the parts of your project are connected, what the main tasks are likely to be and start to think about subtasks. You can then think about when you want to do what and how long it is likely to take.

Constructing a Gantt chart, or similar project management tool, is a popular way to plan a project or dissertation. Using a chart you can visually plan what you need to do and how long it will take to get to get it done. An overview on a chart can help you explain your project to others (e.g. your supervisor). It can also help you to see whether you’re still on schedule or not.

Gantt charts - learn more on LinkedIn Learning (log in required)

Whatever planning method you select, you will need to review it regularly and readjust your deadlines. Things don’t usually go exactly to plan and you will need to adapt your plans accordingly.